OEM / ODM Permanent Magnetic Actuator — Monostable & Bistable Permanent Magnet Operating Mechanism for Vacuum Circuit Breaker
Model Series: YCG Permanent Magnet Mechanism | Holding Force: 1000N /1500N /4000N /6000N /7500N(7kN) | Compatible Breaker: ZW32, ZN, VS1(VMS), ZNL Mining Circuit Breaker
Figure 1: Schematic of bistable double‑coil permanent magnet drive mechanism. Click to view mechanism‑principle solution page.
Product Overview
Our self‑developed YCG permanent magnetic actuator is designed as drop‑in replacement for conventional spring‑type operating mechanism. We deliver mature, reliable OEM & ODM permanent magnet operating mechanisms for dozens of high‑voltage switch manufacturers. It matches ZW‑type outdoor, ZN‑type indoor, VMS(VS1) vacuum circuit breakers, widely deployed in power utility, coal mine, steel mill, petroleum and railway power systems.
Core Advantages of Permanent Magnet Operating Mechanism
- Full‑life‑cycle maintenance‑free, no periodic lubrication required
- Ultra‑long mechanical & electrical service life (up to 100 000 operating cycles)
- Fast closing & tripping response, support fast reclosing function
- Compatible with multiple cabinet formats: fixed‑type cabinet, withdrawable handcart cabinet
- Wide operating power‑supply voltage range, AC & DC adaptive
- Seamless compatibility with SCADA distribution automation platform
- Low power consumption, only pulse energy required for opening & closing action
- Compact dimension, light‑weight; moving‑parts quantity reduced by ~70 % versus spring mechanism
- High reliability: removes complicated mechanical latch and trip assemblies, fewer failure points
Paired with our YCK380 series permanent magnet switch controller, this actuator enables full‑featured intelligent vacuum circuit‑breaker functions: opening/closing control, over‑current breaking protection, loss‑voltage protection, wireless remote control, automatic reclosing and distribution‑network automation.
Important Engineering Notes for Permanent Magnet Actuator System
- Do NOT use ordinary contactor as drive unit:
- High energy consumption and requires much larger discharge capacitor
- High risk of permanent‑magnet‑mechanism coil burnout
- Contact interruption generates severe EMI, causes protection & control device mis‑operation
- Contact short‑time heavy‑current life is short, negates the long‑life merit of permanent‑magnet actuator
Our dedicated YCK380 permanent magnet controller can achieve over 100 000 cycles without damage.
- Manual operation specification: Pure‑mechanical emergency manual opening is mandatory for power‑loss / controller‑fault emergency tripping; it shall rely on mechanical parts without electronic components. Manual closing function is strongly discouraged (especially coal‑mine projects): operator safety risks, slow closing speed poor synchronism, reverse power‑transmission hazard on dual‑supply circuits. Many coal‑mine end‑users explicitly forbid manual‑closing feature.
- Emergency portable controller: We supply optional emergency switching controller for pole‑mounted permanent magnet switches under complete power‑loss condition; compact portable unit for field inspection and workshop test.
Chapter‑1 Working Principle & Classification of Permanent Magnetic Actuator
Core working logic can be summarized as three key phrases: permanent‑magnet latching, electromagnetic pulse drive, electronic control.
- Permanent‑magnet retention: Permanent magnet holds open / closed contact position, overcoming contact‑spring reaction force; no holding current needed after action completes.
- Electromagnetic drive: Excitation coil receives capacitor‑discharge pulse electromagnetic energy to drive moving‑iron‑core stroke, finish opening or closing.
- Electronic control: Adopts power‑electronic devices IGBT / MOSFET / thyristor, CPU control board for precise pulse timing and protection logic.
Monostable VS Bistable Permanent Magnet Mechanism (No absolute good‑or‑bad, application‑oriented selection)
Figure 2: Bistable & Monostable permanent magnet mechanism structural comparison diagram
Bistable Double‑Coil Permanent Magnet Actuator
- Principle: Permanent‑magnet latching at both closing‑end and opening‑end; two excitation coils for closing and tripping separately.
- Advantages: Lower closing peak current; simplifies controller design and reduces controller damage risk; smaller capacitor capacity requirement for reclosing; typical 100V / 100 000µF electrolytic capacitor satisfies reclosing demand.
- Disadvantages: Initial opening segment speed is lower than average full‑stroke opening speed; our optimized mechanical design accelerates initial opening stroke and suppresses opening‑closing vibration.
Monostable Single‑Coil Permanent Magnet Actuator
- Principle: Permanent‑magnet latching for closed position; opening‑holding spring maintains open position. Closing coil drives iron core to close, meanwhile charges opening spring; opening action releases pre‑charged opening spring energy.
- Advantages: Better opening initial speed and average opening speed, better force‑curve matching with vacuum interrupter requirement.
- Disadvantages: Much higher closing‑current peak versus bistable under equal condition; larger spring vibration during opening stroke.
Chapter‑2 Our Permanent‑Magnet‑Mechanism Design Portfolio
| Serial No. |
Category |
Available Custom Design Range |
| 1 |
Circuit‑breaker voltage class |
6kV, 10kV, 35kV |
| 2 |
Rated short‑circuit breaking current |
12.5kA, 20kA, 25kA, 31.5kA, 40kA, 50kA |
| 3 |
Matched breaker model |
Outdoor ZW‑series, indoor ZN‑series, VMS(VS1) series, ZNL mining‑type breaker |
| 4 |
Mechanical housing shape |
Circular‑structure, Square‑structure |
| 5 |
Mechanism closing holding‑force |
Up to 7000N(7500N) |
| 6 |
Magnetic circuit structure |
Bistable double‑coil, Monostable single‑coil |
| 7 |
Operation mode |
Three‑phase linkage one‑unit drive; Three‑phase independent drive (phase‑selection switch); Single‑phase single‑unit drive (railway special switch) |
Chapter‑3 Typical Product Cases & Technical Parameters
Case‑1: ZW32‑12 / 630‑20 Outdoor Permanent Magnet Mechanism
Figure3: ZW32‑12/630‑20 permanent magnet mechanism outline drawing. Click to open ZW32 product page.
| No. |
Parameter Name |
Unit |
Specification Value |
| 1 |
Closing holding force |
N |
5000 |
| 2 |
Coil peak operating current |
A |
Trip: 35; Close:25 |
| 3 |
Opening & Closing operating time |
ms |
Trip ≤45 ; Close ≤65 |
| 4 |
Mechanical life |
Cycles |
100 000 (type‑test verified) |
| 5 |
Mechanism coil operating voltage |
V |
DC100V ~ DC120V |
| 6 |
Contact bounce time |
ms |
≤2 |
| 7 |
Three‑phase synchronism |
ms |
≤2 |
| 8 |
Opening / Closing speed |
m/s |
Trip:0.7‑1.2; Close:0.4‑0.8 |
| 9 |
Energy‑storage per‑cycle time |
s |
≤8 |
| 10 |
Control auxiliary power‑supply |
V |
AC & DC 110V,220V |
| 11 |
Contact stroke |
mm |
8‑10 |
| 12 |
Contact over‑travel |
mm |
3.5‑4.5 |
Case‑2: VMS(VS1)‑12 Circular‑Type Permanent Magnet Mechanism (Indoor Handcart / Fixed Cabinet)
Figure4: VMS(VS1) circular‑type permanent magnet mechanism structure drawing. Click for VS1 circular‑type breaker product.
VMS(VS1,ZN63A) circular‑structure permanent magnet vacuum circuit breaker for 12kV air‑insulated indoor switchgear. It serves protection & control unit for grid, mining, railway industrial power equipment; supports frequent operation and short‑circuit breaking, can be deployed as fixed unit or assembled to handcart withdrawable unit. Adopts APG epoxy‑resin tubular insulating cylinder, effectively prevents vacuum interrupter dust accumulation and damp‑pollution damage. Complies with GB1984, JB3855, DL403 and corresponding IEC international standards.
Case‑3: VMS(VS1)‑12 Square‑Type Permanent Magnet Mechanism
Figure5: VMS VS1 square‑structure permanent magnet mechanism drawing. Click open square‑type VS1 breaker page.
Case‑4: VBM‑12 and ZNL‑10 Mining‑Type Permanent Magnet Circuit‑Breaker Mechanism
Figure6: ZNL‑10 mining‑special permanent magnet vacuum circuit‑breaker mechanism drawing.
Chapter‑4 Matching Controller & Energy‑Storage Module
Our permanent‑magnet actuator system supports two dedicated controller families: YCK380 and NKY300 permanent magnet switch controller. Capacitor energy‑storage module is standard configuration, energy‑storage time short, service life ≥10 years.
- 1µs ultra‑fast trigger response from signal input to coil energy output
- Fixed 20ms timing pulse output for coil drive
- Built‑in short‑circuit anti‑blocking protection, over‑current fast shut‑down within 3µs
- PWM soft start‑stop, over‑voltage feedback charge protection
- Closing & opening signal interlock anti‑double‑input logic
- Supports three‑remote communication, connects to SCADA and distribution‑network automation system
- Full anti‑interference design, passes IEC level‑4 surge & fast‑transient EMI test
👉 Related product: NKY300 / YCK380 Permanent Magnet Switch Controller
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1: What are the differences between monostable and bistable permanent magnetic actuator?
A1: Bistable permanent magnet mechanism uses permanent magnet latching for both closing and opening position, requires double‑coil excitation; lower closing peak current, easier controller design. Monostable design uses permanent‑magnet holding at closed position and spring holding for open position; better opening speed, but higher closing peak current and larger spring vibration during opening. No absolute superior type; selection depends on vacuum interrupter requirements and control hardware.
Q2: Can permanent magnetic actuator replace traditional spring operating mechanism?
A2: Yes. Our YCG series permanent magnet mechanism can directly replace conventional spring mechanisms for ZW32, VS1(VMS), ZN series vacuum circuit breakers. It reduces moving‑part quantity by about 70 %, eliminates complex mechanical latch & trip assemblies, achieves maintenance‑free and up to 100 000 mechanical operations.
Q3: Why we cannot use ordinary contactor as controller for permanent magnet actuator?
A3: Ordinary contactor leads to high energy consumption, requires large discharge capacitor, risks burning mechanism coil. Contact breaking generates heavy EMI interference causing protection device mis‑operation; contact large‑current service life is short, and will lose the core long‑life advantage of permanent magnet mechanism. We recommend dedicated controller YCK380 or NKY300.
Q4: Manual closing or manual opening for permanent magnet mechanism, which one is required?
A4: Emergency purely‑mechanical manual opening is mandatory, for power‑failure or controller‑fault emergency trip. Manual closing function is NOT recommended, especially for coal‑mine power system. Manual closing brings operator safety hazard, slow closing speed causes poor synchronism, and may produce reverse power transmission on double‑supply power line which endangers maintenance personnel.
Q5: What circuit breaker models can your permanent magnetic actuator adapt to?
A5: Our OEM permanent magnet mechanism fits outdoor ZW‑series(ZW32‑12), indoor ZN‑series, VS1(VMS‑12) circular / square vacuum circuit breaker, ZNL mining‑type circuit breaker. Voltage grades cover 6kV, 10kV, 35kV; rated short‑circuit breaking current from 12.5kA‑50kA. We support custom modification for special switchgear.
Q6: What controller matches your permanent magnet operating mechanism?
A6: Two main controller models: YCK380 permanent magnet switch controller and NKY300 controller. They support capacitor energy‑storage, 1µs fast trigger, over‑current protection, anti‑jump, undervoltage interlock, three‑remote communication, SCADA system integration, AC/DC universal power supply.
Q7: What are the typical application industries for permanent magnetic actuator?
A7: Power distribution grid, coal mine power supply, steel plant, petroleum industry, railway traction power system, urban & rural smart grid reconstruction projects. Suitable for frequent‑operation, high‑reliability unattended switch cabinet scenarios.
Q8: Do you provide OEM / ODM custom service for permanent magnet mechanism?
A8: Yes, we provide full OEM & ODM service. We can customize holding force, coil parameters, mechanical dimension, mounting interface, operating voltage, controller logic according to customer vacuum interrupter and cabinet requirements, including circular‑structure and square‑structure, single‑phase / three‑phase independent operation type.
Related Products & Solution Pages:
Conclusion
Permanent‑magnet operating mechanism is the next‑generation alternative to conventional spring‑type mechanism for medium‑voltage vacuum circuit breakers. Our YCG‑series permanent magnetic actuator delivers maintenance‑free, long‑life, high‑reliability opening‑closing performance. With flexible OEM / ODM customization capability, it can be adapted for ZW32, VS1(VMS), ZN, ZNL mining‑type and other breakers for power‑grid, coal mine, steel, petroleum and railway projects. When matched with dedicated YCK380 / NKY300 controller, it realizes full intelligent distribution‑network‑automation functions and seamless SCADA integration.
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